How can proteins be modified after translation?
1 Answer
various ways to modify proteins post translation
Explanation:
following methods are used to modify proteins post translation-ally. all these methods are in turn carried out by various proteins themselves like, kinases, phosphatases, glycosylating protein, methyltransferases, demethyltransferases, acetylases, deacetylases, lipases, etc.
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Phosphorylation addition of phosphorous group on amino acods. either activates a protein or deactivates it.
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Glycosylation addition of monosaccharide on the protein residues. plays majhor role in various membrane proteins. in some cases polysaccharides are also added.
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Ubiquitination addition of ubiquitin on the protein which is majorly to tag protein for degradation.
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S-Nitrosylation added as S-nitrothiols usually on cysteines in the protein but is a random process.
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Methylation addition of methyl group on Nitrogen or oxygen of amino acid in the protein
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N-Acetylation addition of acetyl group on nitrogen or oxygen of amino acid in the protein
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Lipidation addition of lipids on proteins usually the membrane proteins are loaded with lipids.
Figure showing various modification of proteins