Dipoles

Key Questions

• When do dipoles occur in a molecule?

  Answer:

  Dipoles occur when there is a relative charge on each side of a molecule induced by the bond electronegativities.

  Explanation:

  The dipole moment of an entire molecule is made up of two bond moments -vector quantities having both magnitude and direction. Thus, a measured dipole moment is equal to the vector sum of the bond moments that comprise it.

  Bond moments are vector quantities, possessing both magnitude and direction. Therefore, it's possible for a molecule to have bond moments and yet to be non-polar, if the individual bond moments in the molecule are equal in magnitude but opposite in their direction, therefore cancelling each other out. Thus, the sum is 0 and there is no dipole moment. An example of a molecule with bond moments and that is non-polar is CO2. You could have a linear molecule with the same atom on either side of the central atom that cancel each other out.

  SCooke · 1 · Sep 22 2015
• What are molecular dipoles?

  Answer:

  Molecular dipoles exist if one or more of the atoms is more electronegative than the other(s)

  Explanation:

  The most common dipole is water.

  

  Since #O# is more electronegative than #H# the shared electrons tend to be more in the neighbourhood of the #O#-atom.
  Since the molecule is 'bent' they tend to be more in the upper part of the figure above. This gives a slight negative charge (called #delta-#) at the top, and a #delta+# at the #H#-arms.

  Since #+# and #-# attract, the next molecule will tend to turn one of its #H# 's toward the #O# of the first one.

  This polarity also has many consequences for the behaviour of a polar liquid like boiling point, solvability, etc. and even the shape of snow flakes.

  MeneerNask · 1 · Jul 8 2015

• What are molecular dipoles?
• When do dipoles occur in a molecule?
• How can I identify dipoles in molecules?
• How do you calculate the dipole moment of a molecule?
• How many dipoles are there in a water molecule?
• Do dipole-dipole interactions influence the evaporation of liquids and condensation of gases?
• What is the dipole moment of nitrogen trichloride?
• How does dipole moment affect molecules in solution?
• What causes dipole moment?
• What causes dipole moment?
• What causes dipole moment?
• What determines dipole moment?
• What is the dipole moment for azulene?
• What is the dipole moment of water?
• Does NO2- have a dipole?
• What is an electric dipole?
• What is a polar molecule and what is a nonpolar molecule?
• Do both HF and NH3 have london-dispersion forces, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding?
• What are induced dipole-dipole forces?
• What are the intermolecular forces of CHF3?
• Does CH4 have a dipole?
• What is the difference between a dipole and an induced-dipole?
• What is the difference between hydrogen bonds and dipole dipole Interactions?
• What is a net dipole?
• What is the difference between ion-dipole, dipole-dipole, and dispersion?
• Does H20 have permanent dipole dipole forces as well as hydrogen bonding?
• How would you determine if polar bond is ion-ion, dipole-dipole, dispersion forces or hydrogen bonds?
• What are the intermolecular forces of CHF3, OF2, HF, and CF4?
• What is the difference between hydrogen bonds and dipole dipole interaction?
• What is the difference between a dipole and an induced-dipole?
• What is the difference between bond dipole and dipole moment?
• Does dipole-dipole bonding only occur between molecules of the same elements?
• Does ammonia have dipole-dipole interaction?
• What is a polar bond?
• Does CF4 have a polar bond?
• Are hydrogen bonds and polar covalent bonds the same thing?
• Why can some molecules have polar bonds, but overall be nonpolar molecules?
• What are two examples of a nonpolar bond and two examples of a polar bond?
• Why do some molecules (like water) form polar bonds and others like carbon dioxide do not?
• Does CO2 have a polar bond?
• How can a non-polar molecule contain polar bonds?
• Why is H2O a polar bond?
• How do you tell if a bond is polar or nonpolar?
• How can you tell if a compound has an ionic bond, polar covalent bond, or a non-polar covalent bond?
• Is CO2 polar or nonpolar?
• Do dipole-dipole forces affect liquids or gases more?
• What are dipole induced dipole forces?
• How are dipole - dipole forces created?
• How do dipole-dipole forces cause molecules to be attracted to one another?
• How do dipole dipole forces arise?
• How do dipole dipole forces differ from hydrogen bonds?
• How do you determine dipole dipole forces?
• How can you tell if dipole dipole forces are present?
• What causes dipole-dipole forces?
• What compounds have dipole-dipole forces?
• What situation would dipole dipole forces be significant?
• Why are dipole dipole forces attractive?
• Are dipole dipole forces weak?
• Why does #HCl#l have dipole dipole forces of attraction?
• Which substance below has dipole/dipole forces? Why?
• Why do dipoles form?
• Why do dipoles exist?
• Why do dipoles cancel out?
• Why are magnets dipoles?
• What creates dipoles?
• What causes dipoles?
• What are examples of dipoles?
• What are dipoles in chemistry?
• How are dipoles drawn?
• How do you find dipoles?
• How do permanent dipoles arise?
• How do dipoles interact?
• How do dipoles cancel out?
• How do dipoles form?
• How are dipoles induced?
• How do dipole interactions differ from hydrogen bonds?
• How do dipoles make a metal magnetic?
• How do you calculate the dipole moment of water?
• How does dipole moment affect acidity?
• How does electronegativity affect dipole moment?
• Why do London forces occur?
• Why are London forces weak?
• How do London dispersion forces work?
• How do London forces form?
• How are London dispersion forces formed?
• How are London forces affected by molecular size?
• How do London dispersion forces affect boiling point?
• How do London dispersion forces form?
• How do London dispersion forces increase?
• Why do London dispersion forces occur?
• Why are London dispersion forces related to boiling point?
• How do London dispersion forces relate to the boiling point of a compound?
• How does shape affect London dispersion forces?
• What are London forces in chemistry?
• What molecules exhibit London forces?
• Why do London forces increase with molecular size?
• Question #5a8f3
• Question #7524c
• Why is 1,4-dichloroanthracene polar?
• Question #38704
• Question #c9102
• What are dipoles? how are they related to van der waals forces?
• Question #b04e0
• What is the difference between molecular dipoles, and an ionic interaction?
• Question #5d751