Question

How do electronegativity values influence the charge distribution in a polar bond?

Answer 1

The greater the difference in electronegativity values in the atoms of the molecule, the greater the asymmetrical distribution of electrons.

Explanation:

The higher the electronegativity value, the more it is able to attract electrons towards itself. Fluorine has an EN value of 3.98, the most electronegative element.

Intermediate differences in electronegativity between covalently bonded atoms lead to polarity in the bond.

When an element atom has a higher EN value than the others, it will result in an asymmetrical distribution of electrons .

∴ One end of the molecule is more electron rich, and it acquires a partial negative charge.

And the less electron rich end acquires a partial positive charge.

Overall, the greater the difference in electronegativity values in the atoms of the molecule, the greater the asymmetrical distribution of electrons.