What are the smaller particles that make up protons and neutrons?

1 Answer
Jul 3, 2017

Quarks which are held together by gluons.

Explanation:

There are 6 types of quarks, but only the up quark and the down quark are found in protons and electrons.

The up quark has an electric charge of #+2/3#.
The down quark has an electric charge of #-1/3#

3 quarks make up the proton and neutron:

Proton - Electric charge of #+1#
Has two up quarks and one down quark to get a charge of positive 1 since (#2/3+2/3-1/3=+1#)

Neutron - Electric charge of #0#
Has one up quark and two down quarks to get a charge of zero since (#2/3-1/3-1/3=0#)