Question

What gave the Assyrians the advantage to take over parts of Egypt and other parts of Africa?

Answer 1

The primary Assyrian advantage is normally considered to be use of iron weapons against their opponents' bronze.

Explanation:

From as early as 1800 BCE (approx.) the Assyrians had managed to import iron and over centuries became skilled in quickly producing quality iron weapons. Iron was much more effective than the common bronze weapons available to most of their opponents.

There were several other factors that should be acknowledged.

The Assyrians had a much more unified state than those of most of their (often fragmented) enemies.

Assyrians were skilled at developing military technology that included siege engines (multi-stored, wheeled towers over battering rams), portable tramps, and the use of sappers to undermine enemy walls.