Question

What was the cause of the apartheid movement in South Africa?

Answer 1

Primarily descendants of Afrikaans (Boer) settlers (arrived in the late 1600s) were solidly against equality with with the other races. They were powerful political block.

Explanation:

A "National Party" of Afrikaans radicals was created with Segregation as a policy and it took power in 1948. Anti Black laws dated from 1913 with the "Native Land Act".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_South_Africa#South_African_Republic