Answers created by Mandira P.

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• What does "excitatory" mean when used in relation to responses caused by synapses?
  
• What is the network of membranes that assembly modify proteins and lipids called?
  
• Do arteries have valves in their lumen?
  
• Is there an exoskeleton in nematodes?
  
• How is the use of alcohol related to pregnancy?
  
• Does the Vagus nerve belong to the Sensory-Somatic or Autonomic system?
  
• How do the pituitary and hypothalamus interact to regulate thyroxine levels?
  
• What are "anatomical" differences between skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle?
  
• Rachael is observing a few slides taken from a female orangutan. She observes an ovarian slide where all the cells show chromosome tetrads in synapses. Which stage of meiosis has Rachael observed?
  
• What tissue type makes up most of the glands in the endocrine system ?
  
• How does blood get oxygenated in the heart? The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood, the left atrium receives oxygenated. How does the blood receive the oxygen?
  
• What prevents speciation from occurring in sympatric populations?
  
• What do you call chromosomes that have the same length and carry genes for the same traits?
  
• Is it true that more than one spindle apparatus is often seen inside a meiotic cell?
  
• How are carbohydrates and saccharides related?
  
• Miller-Urey simulation experiment was a pioneering work: what was produced at the end of their experiment?
  
• Why are few genetic disorders controlled by dominant alleles?
  
• What factors primarily determine a particular biome?
  
• What is the energy currency of a cell?
  
• What are few basic differences between right and left atria?
  
• What causes stiffness in arthritis?
  
• How are the selective breeding techniques of hybridization and inbreeding opposites?
  
• Which theory was developed based on observations made on the Galápagos islands?
  
• What are the follicular cells of the thyroid?
  
• Why is cytokinesis different in a plant cell when compared to that of animal cell?
  
• In a DNA molecule, the sides of the "ladder" are composed of? a. single nucleotide b.pairs of nucleotides c.joined sugars and phosphates d. joined nitrogen bases and phosphates
  
• In meiosis, a cell divides twice but the chromosome divides once: How could this be true?
  
• The ventricles pump deoxygenated blood to lungs at about how many mmHg? And into the ascending aorta at a pressure of about how many mmHg?
  
• Does most of the lymph return to the venous circulation by way of the dural sinus; the right lymphatic duct; the thoracic duct; the cisterna chyl; or the hepatic portal vein?
  
• What purpose is served by crossing over during meiosis?
  
• What is been explained by so called Fluid Mosaic Model?
  
• How are alveoli and villi similar?
  
• Which kind of cartilagenous fishes possess operculum?
  
• What does transformation involve in bacteria?
  
• Industrial melanism is a much discussed topic in evolution. Is it in any way associated with mutation?
  
• Which reptiles related to Mesozoic reptiles survive today?
  
• How does the structure of the small intestine help the small intestine to absorb nutrients?
  
• How does vinblastin act on cancer?
  
• What is the enzyme that helps digest cheese?
  
• We take antibiotic medicines to fight bacterial diseases. Why are antibiotics effective against bacteria but not against our own cells?
  
• True or false? -presence of excess glucose in urine is a best signal to diabetes inspidus. Thanks
  
• What color is the villi in the human body?
  
• What is the structure that releases progesterone during pregnancy? What is the function of progesterone during pregnancy?
  
• Where do veins carry blood?
  
• How do apocrine, exocrine, merocrine, and holocrine glands differ?
  
• Question #1bf1a
  
• What kind of biomes do penguins live in?
  
• Which cells/tissues of our body are readily affected by radiation?
  
• Do spermatocytes multiply by mitosis?
  
• What is the concept of intron/exon?
  
• Rings are present on which side of the trachea? dorsal or ventral.
  
• What functions does the cell membrane perform?
  
• Which of the following may decide characteristic of protein? A) Number of amino acids in the protein B) Number of disulphide bonds in the protein C) Number of polypeptide chains in the protein D) Sequence of amino acids in the protein
  
• Can population growth be graphically represented?
  
• In response to a stimulus there is immediate reaction. What kind of neurons are involved in the process?
  
• What cells are related to the manufacture of antibodies: plasma cells, suppressor cells, lymphocytes, or thrombocytes?
  
• What are the differences and similarities of the cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system?
  
• Thyroid hormone synthesis is stimulated by TSH released from where?
  
• What is corpora quadrigemina?
  
• In the embryonic stage, what is the term for the outer layer that will form skin, hair, teeth, sense organs, the brain, and spinal cord?
  
• Why does the human male reproductive system produce so many sperm cells?
  
• What is the difference between the four types of human immunity?
  
• Who discovered cone snail toxins?
  
• Which is not an insectv A) spider B) termite C) mosquito D) ant?
  
• Define the following in relations to each other?
  
• Carboxypeptidase is an enzyme that catalyzes reactions in the small intestine. The products of these reactions are amino acids. What are the substrates of carboxypeptidase?
  
• How many pairs of chromosomes are present in the somatic cells? Are the last pair of chromosomes present in the reproductive cells only?
  
• What is the structure of the nephron? Why is its structure important to the formation of urine?
  
• How is wood chemically different from cotton fiber?
  
• How does a population differ from a community?
  
• The threadtube of the cnidoblast once discharged can it be withdrawn? Or it can be used again?
  
• What condition results in elevated serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and urine cortisol levels?
  
• What test is used to determine the volume of blood occupied by red blood cells?
  
• Are the sex chromosomes (for humans X and Y ) expressed in all somatic cells? Or just those cells of organs that are related somehow to sexual phenotype (primary and secondary sexual characteristics)?
  
• What disorder involves low levels of platelets in blood?
  
• How does chewing food affect your body's ability to release the chemical energy of the food?
  
• What neurotransmitter stimulates skeletal muscle contraction?
  
• What is the function of epithelial tissue?
  
• How do human beings impact the Amazon Rainforest?
  
• Which organism is considered as the vector for malarial parasite?
  
• What are two common examples of nucleic acids?
  
• Where does fertilization occur in a hen?
  
• RBCs pick up oxygen from lungs and deliver it to the tissues: why is it not the other way around?
  
• Why pulmonary artery carry deoxygenated blood?
  
• NEED HELP! Using either a fish or a cat describe the path of an oxygen molecule from the air to a mitochondrion in a muscle cell?
  
• What protists are parasitic?
  
• What kind of cell or cells were used to make Dolly?
  
• What are the two distinct circulatory loops in our body?
  
• What are some features of the sponge's body?
  
• Where are receptors for acetylcholine located?
  
• What are three plant organs?
  
• Is it alright to list the gonads as mixed glands?
  
• What is strep in the blood?
  
• Why does it exist two types of chromatin?
  
• What enables a whale to move its fins in the ocean?
  
• What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation and why it is used?
  
• Which airways in the respiratory system are narrowed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or emphysema? How does this cause shortness of breath?
  
• How does EDTA prevent blood samples from clotting? How does removing calcium from the sample keep it from clotting?
  
• What is the term for contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles in wall of digestive tract ?
  
• Which of the following are viviparous? Scoliodon, Bufo, Salamandra, Chelone, Chameleon, Pavo, Vipera, Hydrophis, Columba, Ornithorhynchus
  
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