2 functions of chloroplast?
1 Answer
The main role of chloroplasts is to conduct photosynthesis. They also carry out functions like fatty acid and amino acid synthesis.
Explanation:
In the process of photosynthesis, the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight and converts it and stores it in the energy storage molecules ATP and NADPH while freeing oxygen from water.
Chloroplasts are key players in pathogen defence and the immune response in plants. In addition to defense signalling, chloroplasts, with the help of perioxisomes, help synthesise an important defense molecule, jasmonate.
Chloroplasts alone make almost all of a plant cells amino acids in their stroma, except the sulfur contaning ones like cysteine and methionine.
They make all of a cell's purines and pyrimidines - the nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. They also convert nitrite into ammonia which supplies the plant with nitrogen to make its amino acids and nucleotides.
Chloroplasts also synthesise all the fatty acids in a plant cell and are the site of complex lipid metabolism.
