Question

Question #0b569

Answer 1

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Explanation:

Diamagnetism :-
If an atom or a molecule contain all electronic orbitals completely filled i.e. there are two electrons in each orbital, their spins are `+1/2` and `-1/2` i.e. two electrons spinning in opposite direction, one clockwise and other anticlockwise. The spins are paired and magnetic field will be repelled. This phenomenon is called diamagnetism. Water, sodium chloride, benzene are diamagnetic substances.

Paramagnetism :-
If an atom or a molecule contains more unpaired electrons revolving in their orbitals, the magnetic moments do not cancel each other. There is a net magnetic moment associated with the species and the species experience net force of attraction when placed in magnetic field. This property of a substance due to presence of unpaired electrons, due to which substance experiences pull in magnetic field, is called paramagnetism.

The extent of paramagnetism present in the substance depends upon number of unpaired electrons present in the substance. More the number of unpaired electrons in the substance the stronger is the pull due to paramagnetism of the substance. Oxygen, `Cu^(+2)`, `Fe^(+3)`, `Cr^(+3)` ions are some examples of paramagnetic substances.