Find the equations of tangent planes to the conicoid x^2+2y^2+z^2=4 which passes through the line x+y+z+1=0, 2x+3y+2z-3=0?

1 Answer
Jun 18, 2017

See below.

Explanation:

With p = (x,y,z) and calling C(p)-> x^2+2y^2+z^2-4=0

The support line to the tangent planes to C is determined as follows.

Taking the three planes

{(Pi_1-> x + y + z + 1=0),(Pi_2->2 x + 3 y + 2 z - 3=0 ),(Pi_g->a x+b y+c z+d=0):}

and solving for x,y,z we obtain

{(x = -(5 b - 6 c + d)/(a - c)),(y=5),(z=-6 + (5 b - 6 c + d)/(a - c)):}

now calling lambda = (5 b - 6 c + d)/(a - c) we obtain the support line equation

L->p = p_0 + lambda vec v

with

p_0 = (0,5,-6)
vec v = (-1,0,1)

The tangent planes have the equation

Pi_t -> << vec n_t, p-p_t >> = 0

where

vec n_t = grad C(p_t) = (2x_t,4y_t,2z_t) and

p_t = (x_t,y_t,z_t) is the tangency point.

The tangency point p_t is found solving

{(Pi_t @ L -> << vec n_t, p_0+lambda vec v-p_0 >> = lambda << vec n_t, vec v >> = 0),(C(p_t)=0),( << vec n_t, p_t-p_0 >> = 0):}

or

{(z_t-x_t=0),(x_t^2 + 2 y_t^2 + z_t^2 -4=0),(2 x_t^2 + 4 (y_t-5) y_t + 2 z_t (6 + z_t) =0):}

Solving we get at two tangency points

p_t^1 = ( -23/17, -7/17, -23/17) and
p_t^2=(1,1,1)

and consequently

vec n_t^1 = (-46/17, -28/17, -46/17)
vec n_t^2 = (2, 4, 2)

and the tangent planes are

Pi_t^1->8 + (46 x)/17 + (28 y)/17 + (46 z)/17 = 0
Pi_t^2-> 2 x + 4 y + 2 z-8 = 0

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