Question

. How are the acids classified according to number of hydrogen atoms?

Answer 1

See the explanation

Explanation:

Acids are classified on the basis of basicity.

Basicity refers to the number of replaceable [H^+] ions in an acid which are attached with an highly electronegative element such as oxygen which can be replaced by a base.

Basicity is also called proticity.

On the basis of basicity , they are divided into following categories :-

1) Monobasic or Monoprotic
Example `->` Hydrochloric acid (`HCl`).
`HCl` has one replaceable `[H^+]` ion.

2) Dibasic or Diprotic
Example `->` Sulphuric acid (`H_2SO_4`).
`H_2SO_4` has two replaceable `[H^+]` ions.

3) Tribasic or triprotic
Example `->` Phosphoric acid (`H_3PO_4`).
`H_3PO_4` has three replaceable `[H^+]` ions.

The basicity or number of replaceable `[H^+]` ions for an acid can be seen by drawing the Lewis structure of that acid.