What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?

1 Answer
Feb 20, 2018

See below!

Explanation:

Here are some major differences b/w prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.

  • Eu mean true #&# karyon mean nucleus. Hence, eukaryotes are the one which have true nucleus.
    Pro mean before #&# karyon mean nucleus. So, prokaryote mean before or without any true nucleus.

  • Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bounded organelles. While eukaryotes have several membrane-bounded organelles I.e Mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, lysosomes etc.

  • All prokaryotic cells have peptidoglycan cell wall. Some eukaryotee e.g plant & fungi contain cell wall. Plants contain cellulose cell wall #&# fungi contain chitin cell wall.

  • Prokaryotes have smaller ribosome of #"70 Svedberg"# while eukaryotes have a larger one #"80 Svedberg"#.

  • In prokaryotes, site for both transcription & translation is cytoplasm(as they don't have nucleus). But in eukaryotes, transcription take place within nucleus and translation within cytoplasm.

  • In prokaryotes, all the steps of cellular respiration takes place within cytosol. In eukaryotes: glycolysis takes place within cytosol, Krebs cycle within mitochondrial matrix & #"ETC"# within inner mitochondrial membrane.

  • Prokaryotes undergo binary fission(only cytokinesis) & conjugation. Eukaryotee perform mitosis, meiosis(both karyokinesis and cytokinesis).

  • Prokaryotic cells have large single chromosome which is wrapped up in a circular shape. Eukaryotee cells contain several pairs of chromosomes.
    https://www.thoughtco.com/types-of-cells-1224602

Hope it helps!