What is the function of a goblet cell?
1 Answer
A goblet cell is a glandular modified simple columnar epithelial cell whose function is to secrete gel forming mucins, that is the major component of mucus.
Explanation:
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Apart from comprising the epithelial lining of various organs, production of large glycoproteins and carbohydrates, the most important function of goblet cells is the secretion of mucus. The mucus is a gel like substance that is composed mainly of mucins, glycoproteins and carbohydrates.
On the inner surface of the human intestines, it forms a thick layer that lubricates and protects the wall of the organ. These mucins help neutralise the acids produced by the stomach. They also help in lubricating the epithelium for the easier passage of food.
A recent study published in the journal Mucosal Immunology has shown that goblet cells in the small intestines can accumulate and uptake antigens.
In the large intestines, the mucus blanket inhibits inflammation by preventing the passage of luminal bacteria and food derived antigens through it. This is called as oral tolerance.
In the respiratory tract the mucin produced by goblet cells are responsible for trapping and transporting the inhaled foreign bodies.
Mucins are stored in granules inside the goblet cells before being released to the lumen of the organ.
They are found inside the trachea, bronchi and large bronchioles in the respiratory tract, small intestines, large intestines and conjunctiva in the upper eye lid.
