What is the measure of a star's brightness called?

1 Answer

Magnitude.

Explanation:

Hipparchus about 2000 years back classified stars according to magnitude, He classified them from 1 to 6.Brightest were 1st magnitude and most faint visible star was given 6th magnitude.
Later the scale was extended to minus side as Sun, Moon, Venus are beyond this range first magnitude star is 100 times bright as 6th magnitude starenter image source here
picture credit astronomy notes.com