Question #fabcb

1 Answer
Jun 3, 2015

Consider a sample of 182 grams of such substance (approximately one mole). It contains:

#"182 grams · 0.40" / "12.01 g/mol" = 6.06" mol of C atoms"#;

#"182 grams · 0.067" / "1.008 g/mol" = 12.1" mol of H atoms"#;
#"182 grams · 0.533" / "16.00 g/mol" = 6.06" mol of C atoms"#;

Given that in a molecule there are integer number of atoms, that equal numbers of moles means equal numbers of atoms, we deduce that in each molecule there are:
a) the same number of carbon and oxygen atoms, i.e. 6
b) double number of H atoms, that is 12.

The molecular formula is therefore: #C_6H_12O_6#.
The true molecular mass should be:
#C·6 + H·12 + O·6 = #
#12,0·6 + 1,0·12 + 16,0·6 = 180#
A value of 182 deduced from osmosis experiments is just one percent bigger, as due to experimental errors.