Question

What is the parietal pericardium or parietal pleura?

Answer 1

The parietal pleura is a membranes of the pulmonary pleura. The parietal pericardium is one of the membranes of the pericardium.

Explanation:

Parietal Pleura
There are two pleura surrounding each lung. The parietal pleura is the outer membrane.
It lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity, covers the upper surface of the diaphragm and is reflected over structures within the middle of the thorax.
It separates the pleural cavity from the mediastinum.
The parietal pleura is innervated by the intercostal and phrenic nerves.

Parietal Pericardium
The pericardium is a double walled sac containing the heart. The parietal pericardium is fused to and inseparable from the fibrous pericardium. It's function is to lubricate the heart and prevent friction during heart activity.