If you were to multiply out the brackets you would have the #x^2# term as: #-x^2#. As this is negative the graph is of shape #nn#. Thus the vertex is a maximum.
The format of #G(x)# is what they call completing the square. Sometimes referred to as the Vertex Form. You can ( with a little adjustment) read off directly the coordinates of the vertex.
Set #y=-(xcolor(red)(-4))^2 color(purple)(+2)#
#y_("vertex")= color(purple)(+2)#
#x_("vertex")=(-1)xxcolor(red)(-4) = +4" "larrul("Always")" multiply by (-1)" #
Thus we have:
Vertex#->(x,y)=(4,2)#