How do we utilize Lewis structure in simple species such as nitrate ion?

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How do we utilize Lewis structure in simple species such as nitrate ion?

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Answer 1 · 2017-04-04T07:45:38

Lewis structure is simply electron counting..........

Explanation:

Let's take the nitrate, anion, $N O_{3}^{-}$ $NO_3^(-)$ . Nitrogen comes from Group 15, and has five valence electrons, oxygen comes from Group 16, and has six valence electrons.

And thus we have to distribute $5 + 3 \times 6 + 1 = 24$ $5+3xx6+1=24$ $electrons$ $"electrons"$ around the nitrate core...........Why did I add an extra electron?

And thus, $O = N^{+} {(- O^{-})}_{2}^{-}$ $O=N^(+)(-O^(-))_2$ , distributes $6$ $6$ , $4$ $4$ , and $2 \times 7$ $2xx7$ valence electrons around $O =$ $O=$ , $N$ $N$ , and $O^{-}$ $O^-$ respectively, and this (with the 2 inner core electrons) accounts for the charge on the atom, neutral, positive, or negative: i.e. $N, Z = 7; O, Z = 8$ $N, Z=7;O, Z=8$ .

As always, the charge on the atom is the difference between the nuclear charge, and the electronic charge. For more of the same see [here.](https://socratic.org/questions/what-is-the-formal-charge-of-n-in-hno-3)

What about $N H_{3}$ $NH_3$ , and $N H_{4}^{+}$ $NH_4^+$ ?

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How do we utilize Lewis structure in simple species such as nitrate ion?

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