3sinx+4cosx3sinx+4cosx
= 5(sinx xx 3/5+cosx xx 4/5)5(sinx×35+cosx×45)
= 5sin(x+alpha)5sin(x+α), where tanalpha=4/3tanα=43 or alpha=tan^(-1)(4/3)α=tan−1(43)
Hence, intdx/(3sinx+4cosx)∫dx3sinx+4cosx
= 1/5intcsc(x+alpha)dx15∫csc(x+α)dx
Now let x+alpha=ux+α=u then dx=dudx=du and
1/5intcsc(x+alpha)dx=1/5intcscudu15∫csc(x+α)dx=15∫cscudu
= 1/5int(cscu(cscu+cotu))/(cscu+cotu)du15∫cscu(cscu+cotu)cscu+cotudu
= -1/5int(-csc^2u-cscucotu)/(cscu+cotu)du−15∫−csc2u−cscucotucscu+cotudu
if cscu+cotu=vcscu+cotu=v, then dv=(-csc^2u-cscucotu)dudv=(−csc2u−cscucotu)du
and our integral becomes
-1/5int(dv)/v=-1/5ln|v|+c−15∫dvv=−15ln|v|+c
= -1/5ln|csc(x+alpha)+cot(x+alpha)|+c−15ln|csc(x+α)+cot(x+α)|+c, where alpha=tan^(-1)(4/3)α=tan−1(43)