Question

What type of chemical bond results from the attraction between a metal cation and a nonmetal anion?

Answer 1

Depends

Explanation:

You have to look at the electronegativity of both the anion and cation.
In most cases metals have low electronegativity.
If the metal has a low electronegativity and the non metal has a high electronegativity, an ionic bond would be formed (approximately when the difference in electronegativity is equal to 2 or more). For instance `NaCl` and `MgCl_2`.
If the difference is below approximately 1.6 its would be a polar covalent bond, and if its around .2 to .5 its a non polar covalent bond.