Why, in terms of structure and bonding, does but-2-ene exist as two geometric isomers whereas but-1-ene does not?

1 Answer
Jan 23, 2018

Well, #"2-butylene"# can generate geometric isomerism....

Explanation:

We gots #"1-butylene"#, #H_2stackrel1C=stackrel2Cstackrel3CH_2stackrel4CH_3#...

versus #"2-butylene"#, #H_3stackrel1Cstackrel2C(H)=stackrel3C(H)stackrel4CH_3#...

But #"2-butylene"# can generate geometric isomers, the which retain the SAME connectivity but a different geometry, viz. #"cis"# and #"trans"# isomers...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butene

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butene

In each case, the carbon-carbon connectivity is MANIFESTLY the same i.e. #C1# connects to #C2#....to #C4#...but the geometry is manifestly different. And this gives rise to different physical properties, and chemical properties...i.e. the trans isomer has a boiling point of #0.9# #""^@C#, whereas the cis isomer has a boiling point of #3.7# #""^@C#.

That the trans isomer is MORE volatile than the cis isomer is an unusual phenomenon.

On the other hand, for #"1-butylene"# ONLY the one isomer is conceivable...

commons.wikimedia.org