What is the solubility of lanthanum trichloride in grams per liter of solution at #25^@"C"# ?
1 Answer
Explanation:
In order to be able to solve this problem, you need to know the value of lanthanum trifluoride's solubility product constant,
#K_(sp) = 2.0 * 10^(-19)#
So, lanthanum trifluoride is *insoluble8 in aqueous solution, which means that when you place it water, an equilibrium is established between the dissolved ions and the undissolved solid
#"LaF"_text(3(s]) rightleftharpoons "La"_text((aq])^(3+) + color(red)(3)"F"_text((aq])^(-)#
Now, the thing to keep in mind here is that you're interested in finding the solubility of lanthanum trifluoride in a solution that contains aqueous potassium fluoride,
Potassium fluoride is a soluble ionic compound that dissociates completely in aqueous solution to form potassium cations and fluoride anions
#"KF"_text((aq]) -> "K"_text((aq])^(+) + "F"_text((aq])^(-)#
The presence of these fluoride anions will affect the dissociation equilibrium of lanthanum trifluoride, i.e. less solid will dissolve because of the additional fluoride anions present in solution - this is known as the common ion effect.
Potassium fluoride dissociates in a
#["F"^(-)]_0 = 1.4 * 10^(-2)"M"#
Set up an ICE table to help you find the molar solubility of the compound
#" ""LaF"_text(3(s]) " "rightleftharpoons" " "La"_text((aq])^(3+) " "+" " color(red)(3)"F"_text((aq])^(-)#
By definition, the solubility product constant will be equal to
#K_(sp) = ["La"^(3+)] * ["F"^(-)]^color(red)(3)#
In your case, you will have
#K_(sp) = x * (1.4 * 10^(-2) + color(red)(3)x)^color(red)(3)#
Now, because
#1.4 * 10^(-2) + color(red)(3)x ~~ 1.4 * 10^(-2)#
This will get you
#2 * 10^(-19) = x * (1.4 * 10^(-2))^color(red)(3)#
#x = (2 * 10^(-19))/(2.744 * 10^(-6)) = 7.29 * 10^(-14)#
The molar solubility of lanthanum fluoride in a solution that contains
To get the solubility in grams per liter, use lanthanum trifluoride's molar mass
#7.3 * 10^(-13)color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mol")))"L"^(-1) * "195.9 g"/(1color(red)(cancel(color(black)("mole")))) = color(green)(|bar(ul(color(white)(a/a)1.4 * 10^(-11)"g L"^(-1)color(white)(a/a)|)))#
The answer is rounded to two sig figs.