Question

Question #68ce1

Answer 1

Aluminium by Hall Heroult process

Explanation:

For extraction of Aluminum generally Hall Heroult process is generally used in industries

Process is :
Bayer's process
1) the Alumina ore is treated with NaOH at high pressure and temperature to form `NaAlO_2`
`Al_2O_3+NaOH=2NaAlO_2`
2)This `NaAlO_2` solution is then recrystallized with `Al(OH)_3` to form `Al(OH)_3` crystals
3)This `Al(OH)_3` crystals are heated to form pure Alumina
`2Al(OH)_3=Al_2O_3+3H_2O`
Hall Heroult process
1) initially the Alumina `Al_2O_3` obtained by Bayer's process is taken in a steel container acting as cathode
2) The Alumina is added to Cryolite solution(`Na_3AlF_6`) which decrease melting point of Alumina to nearly `960°C`
3)Then the graphite electodes(Anode) are inserted and operating at high voltage we get Aluminium at Anode of 99.95%purity.
`2Al_2O_3+3C=4Al+3CO_2` in electrolysis

Answer 2

Titanium by Krolls process

Explanation:

Titanium is generally produced by Krolls process

Ilmentite ore is reduced in presence of coke in a fluidised bed reactor
This reaction produces `TiCl_4`
`TiCl_4` is reacted with Mg to form `Ti`
`TiCl_4+2Mg=2MgCl_2+Ti`
This Titanium​ is then vacuum refined to produce Pure Titanium ,as the unrefined Titanium has no use commercially due to presence of `MgCl_2`in Titanium Sponge