First, subtract #color(red)(4)# from each side of the equation to isolate the term with parenthesis while keeping the equation balanced:
#-color(red)(4) + 4 - 2(v - 6) = -color(red)(4) - 8#
#0 - 2(v - 6) = -12#
#-2(v - 6) = -12#
Next, divide each side of the equation by #color(red)(-2)# to eliminate the need for parenthesis while keeping the equation balanced:
#(-2(v - 6))/color(red)(-2) = -12/color(red)(-2)#
#(color(red)(cancel(color(black)(-2)))(v - 6))/cancel(color(red)(-2)) = 6#
#v - 6 = 6#
Then, add #color(red)(6)# to each side of the equation to solve for #v# term while keeping the equation balanced:
#v - 6 + color(red)(6) = 6 + color(red)(6)#
#v - 0 = 12#
#v = 12#