How do you simplify sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7) ?

2 Answers
Jun 11, 2017

sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7)=4sin((2pi)/7)sin((4pi)/7)sin(pi/7)

Explanation:

sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7)

= sin((8pi)/7)+sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)

= 2sin((8pi+2pi)/(2xx7))cos((8pi-2pi)/(2xx7))+sin((4pi)/7)

= 2sin((5pi)/7)cos((3pi)/7)+2sin((2pi)/7)cos((2pi)/7)

= 2sin(pi-(5pi)/7)cos((3pi)/7)+2sin((2pi)/7)cos((2pi)/7)

= 2sin((2pi)/7)cos((3pi)/7)+2sin((2pi)/7)cos(pi-(5pi)/7)

= 2sin((2pi)/7)[cos((3pi)/7)-cos((5pi)/7)]

= 2sin((2pi)/7)[2sin((5pi+3pi)/(2xx7))sin((5pi-3pi)/(2xx7))]

= 4sin((2pi)/7)sin((4pi)/7)sin(pi/7)

Jun 11, 2017

sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7) = sqrt(7)/2

Explanation:

Let:

alpha = cos ((2pi)/7) + i sin ((2pi)/7)

Then:

alpha^7 = cos (2pi) + i sin (2pi) = 1

So:

0 = alpha^7-1 = (alpha-1)(alpha^6+alpha^5+alpha^4+alpha^3+alpha^2+alpha+1)

We find:

(alpha+alpha^2+alpha^4)^2

= (alpha)^2+(alpha^2)^2+(alpha^4)^2+2(alphaalpha^2+alpha^2alpha^4+alpha^4alpha)

= alpha^2+alpha^4+alpha^8+2(alpha^3+alpha^6+alpha^5)

= alpha+alpha^2+alpha^4+2(alpha+alpha^2+alpha^3+alpha^4+alpha^5+alpha^6-alpha-alpha^2-alpha^4)

= alpha+alpha^2+alpha^4+2(-1-alpha-alpha^2-alpha^4)

= -(alpha+alpha^2+alpha^4)-2

So alpha+alpha^2+alpha^4 is a root of:

t^2+t+2 = 0

which we can solve by completing the square:

0 = t^2+t+2

color(white)(0) = (t+1/2)^2+7/4

color(white)(0) = (t+1/2)^2-(sqrt(7)/2i)^2

color(white)(0) = ((t+1/2)-sqrt(7)/2i)((t+1/2)+sqrt(7)/2i)

color(white)(0) = (t+1/2-sqrt(7)/2i)(t+1/2+sqrt(7)/2i)

So:

alpha+alpha^2+alpha^4 = t = -1/2+-sqrt(7)/2i

That is:

cos((2pi)/7)+cos((4pi)/7)+cos((8pi)/7)+i(sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7)) = -1/2+-sqrt(7)/2i

Equating imaginary parts:

sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7) = +-sqrt(7)/2

Which sign is correct?

Note that:

sin((2pi)/7) > 0

sin((4pi)/7) > 0

sin(-(2pi)/7) < sin((-pi)/7) = sin((8pi)/7)

Hence:

sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7) > 0

So:

sin((2pi)/7)+sin((4pi)/7)+sin((8pi)/7) = sqrt(7)/2