Question

How does the number of electrons relate to the charge of the ion for a given atomic number?

Answer 1

Well in a neutral atom, OF COURSE the number of electrons is equal to the number of `"nucular protons"`, the which of course by definition `=Z_"the atomic number"`.

Explanation:

Electronic charge is a fundamental physical property. And charge is conserved. And this means that for every negative charge, there is a corresponding positive charge.

And thus, for any atom, or for any ion, the number of electrons LESS the number of positively charged nuclear protons, is equal to the charge on the ion.