How are we able to retrieve information from satellites and probes orbiting planets other than Earth?

1 Answer

First the data collected is stored safe in memory of the orbiter craft,

Explanation:

When the craft comes in line with Earth the data is transmitted and large radio telescopes receive it..All data is in digital form. and will be decoded later by experts. In case of lander it can not transmit to earth directly.The lander send date to ,orbiter m which is the earth link.enter image source here picture astrosurf.com.