What are three evolutionary innovations that improved the probability of survival on land among vascular plants?

1 Answer

The vascular land plants have the adaptive characters, embryo retention, cuticle, stomata, and vascular tissue.

Explanation:

The vascular plants have evolved different characters to easily withstand on the land situations. Among the adaptations in vascular plants are-

  • Retention of embryo;
  • Thick cuticle on the outer surface of plant's body,
  • Presence stomata for exchange of gases; and
  • The complex vascular bundles for translocation purpose etc.