Question #bb7b1
1 Answer
To predict which ionic compounds are insoluble in water you use “solubility rules” to first eliminate the soluble possibilities.
Explanation:
You go down the solubility rules in order and stop at the first rule that applies.
SOLUBILITY RULES
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All common compounds of
#"NH"_4^+# and the Group 1 elements are soluble. -
#"NO"_3^"-", "ClO"_3^"-", "ClO"_4^"-", "C"_2"H"_3"O"_2^"-"# — all common nitrates, chlorates, perchlorates, and acetates are soluble. -
#"F"^"-", "Cl"^"-", "Br"^"-", "I"^"-"# — all halides are soluble EXCEPT those of#"Ag"^+, "Hg"_2^"2+", "Pb"^"2+"# and the fluorides of#"Mg"^"2+", "Ca"^"2+", "Sr"^"2+"# , and# "Ba"^"2+"# . -
#"SO"_4^"2-"# — most sulfates are soluble EXCEPT those of#"Sr"^"2+", "Ba"^"2+", "Ca"^"2+", "Pb"^"2+"# ,#"Hg"_2^"2+"# , and#"Hg"^"2+"# . -
#"CO"_3^"2-", "C"_2"O"_4^"2-", "OH"^"-", "O"^"2-", "SO"_3^"2-", "PO"_4^"3-", "CrO"_4^"2-", "S"^"2-"# — all carbonates, oxalates, hydroxides, oxides, phosphates, chromates, and sulfides are insoluble.
EXAMPLES
Classify these compounds as soluble or insoluble in water:
tin(II) sulfate — soluble (Rule 4)
lead(II) chromate — insoluble (Rule 5)
ammonium sulfide — soluble (Rule 1)
strontium chlorate — soluble (Rule 2)
silver bromide — insoluble (Rule 3)
sodium phosphate — soluble (Rule 1)
copper(I) carbonate — insoluble (Rule 5)
barium sulfate — insoluble (Rule 4)
