How do we make a $saturated solution$ $"saturated solution"$ of $sodium bicarbonate$ $"sodium bicarbonate"$ with a $100 \cdot m L$ $100*mL$ volume of water?

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How do we make a $saturated solution$ $"saturated solution"$ of $sodium bicarbonate$ $"sodium bicarbonate"$ with a $100 \cdot m L$ $100*mL$ volume of water?

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Answer 1 · 2015-10-28T07:52:20

The simple answer is with ease. But do you know what $saturated$ $"saturated"$ means?

Explanation:

At room temperature, about 10 g of $N a H C O_{3}$ $NaHCO_3$ will dissolve in 100 mL of water. (Cleary, this solubility will alter should the temperature change, which is why I must specify a temperature.)

Now saturation is an equilibrium property, which we may represent by the following equation:

$N a H C O_{3} (s) ⇌ N a H C O_{3} (a q)$ $NaHCO_3(s) rightleftharpoons NaHCO_3(aq)$ . As with any equilibrium we write the the equilibrium equation:

$K_{s p} = \frac{[N a H C O_{3} (a q)]}{[N a H C O_{3} (s)]}$ $K_(sp) = [[NaHCO_3(aq)]]/[[NaHCO_3(s)]]$ .

As you know, the term $[N a H C O_{3} (s)]$ $[NaHCO_3(s)]$ is meaningless; you cannot speak of the concentration of a solid; so it is removed from the equation:

$K_{s p} = [N a H C O_{3} (a q)] = [N a^{+} (a q)] [H C O_{3} (a q)]$ $K_(sp) = [NaHCO_3(aq)] = [Na^+(aq)][HCO_3(aq)]$ . So if solid sodium carbonate is present, this equilibrium operates, sodium carbonate is saturated. If we added extra sodium salt (from whatever source), the ion product $[N a^{+} (a q)] [H C O_{3} (a q)]$ $[Na^+(aq)][HCO_3(aq)]$ would be greater than $K_{s p}$ $K_(sp)$ and sodium bicarbonate would precipitate from solution.

$K_{s p}$ $K_(sp)$ , the solubility product, is tabulated for a host of sparingly soluble and insoluble salts. They must be measured.

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How do we make a $saturated solution$ $"saturated solution"$ of $sodium bicarbonate$ $"sodium bicarbonate"$ with a $100 \cdot m L$ $100*mL$ volume of water?

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How do we make a $saturated solution$ $"saturated solution"$ of $sodium bicarbonate$ $"sodium bicarbonate"$ with a $100 \cdot m L$ $100*mL$ volume of water?