Step 1) Subtract #color(red)(P)# from each side of the equation to isolate the #r# term while keeping the equation balanced:
#A - color(red)(P) = -color(red)(P) + P + Prt#
#A - P = 0 + Prt#
#A - P = Prt#
Now, divide each side of the equation by #color(red)(P)color(blue)(t)# to solve for #r# while keeping the equation balanced:
#(A - P)/(color(red)(P)color(blue)(t)) = (Prt)/(color(red)(P)color(blue)(t))#
#(A - P)/(Pt) = (color(red)(cancel(color(black)(P)))rcolor(blue)(cancel(color(black)(t))))/(cancel(color(red)(P))cancel(color(blue)(t)))#
#(A - P)/(Pt) = r#
#r = (A - P)/(Pt)#
Or
#r = A/(Pt) - P/(Pt)#
#r = A/(Pt) - color(red)(cancel(color(black)(P)))/(color(red)(cancel(color(black)(P)))t)#
#r = A/(Pt) - 1/t#