Question

Two atoms are held together in four covalent bonds because of forces between the what?

Answer 1

There are few examples of a quadruple bond.........

Explanation:

The classic example is `"chromous acetate"`, i.e. `[Cr_2{μ_2-"O(O=)CCH"_3}_4*2OH_2]`, is one well characterized metal complex, whose exceptionally short `"metal-metal"` distance of `2.36xx10^-10*m` may be rationalized on the basis of a `Cr-Cr` `sigma"-bond"`, `2xxCr-Cr` `pi-"bonds"`, and `1xxCr-Cr` `delta"-bond"`.

In each case the bond represents a region of electron density between the metal-metal vector, or above the plane of the metal-metal vector, so that internuclear repulsion between the `Cr^(2+)` centres is minimized, and a NET attractive force results between the metal nuclei and the orbital clouds of the electron.