Question

How are bases named?

Answer 1

The simple bases are named [name of the metal] + "hydroxide"

Explanation:

The bases we call alkali are noted for their `OH` group(s), which is called the hydroxide group, and will dissociate into the hydroxide ion `OH^-` if the alkali is soluable.

Examples
sodium hydroxide `NaOH` and calcium hydroxide `Ca(OH)_2`

Note :
A lot of other compounds are called bases on account of their behaviour towards acids. Ammonia `NH_3` is an example.