Question

What is sp hybridization?

Answer 1

A form of bonding under valence-bond theory.

Explanation:

When there is a linear bonding molecular geometry, where an s and p orbital are overlapping, two hybridized sp orbitals are "created" in the central atom, such that:

Notice, there are also two unhybridized p orbitals, which either simply exist, carry lone electrons, or participate in `pi` orbitals.