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Answer 1 · 2017-06-09T16:33:13

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An acid displaces away a weaker one from its salt.

Carbonic acid is quite weak.

$"HCl, H"_2"SO"_4, "HNO"_3$ , acetic acid,and citric acid are some of these acids stronger than $H_2CO_3$ , so as carbonic acid:

$2H^+ + CO_3^"2-" rightleftharpoons H_2CO_3 rightleftharpoons CO_2 (gas) + H_2O$

and you can see a characteristic effervescence.

In carbonates, you have:

$2HCl + BaCO_3 rarr H_2O + CO_2 + BaCl_2$