Question

How do single, double, and triple bonds form?

Answer 1

By sharing electrons between two atoms from the "s" and "p" orbitals simultaneously.

Explanation:

All bonds form as interactions of valence electrons of elements. All of them are single pairing of electrons, but when the same atom forms multiple bonds with another atom, they are called "Single, Double, and Triple" bonds.

The first bond is the single, or sigma bond. It is formed by electrons from the "s" orbital shell.

The second bond formed is between electrons in one of the "p" orbitals, and called a "pi" bond. The third bond is also from the "p" orbital, but in another plane.

Discussion and Diagrams:
https://chemistry.boisestate.edu/richardbanks/inorganic/bonding%20and%20hybridization/bonding_hybridization.htm

and:
https://www.utdallas.edu/~scortes/ochem/OChem1_Lecture/Class_Materials/05_orbitals_hybrid_geom.pdf

Animation:
https://study.com/academy/lesson/triple-bond-definition-examples-quiz.html