Question

Question #4f990

Answer 1

Here's what I get.

Explanation:

α-Hydroxypropionic acid

An α-hydroxy acid cyclizes on heating to form a cyclic diester called a lactide.

β-Hydroxybutyric acid

A β-hydroxy acid dehydrates on heating to form an α,β-unsaturated acid.

`underbrace("CH"_3"CHOHCH"_2"COOH")_color(red)("β-hydroxybutyric acid") stackrelcolor(blue)(Δcolor(white)(mm))(→) underbrace("CH"_3"CH=CHCOOH")_color(red)("crotonic acid") + "H"_2"O"`

γ-Hydroxyvaleric acid

A γ-hydroxy acid dehydrates on heating to form a lactone.