Nuclear Chemistry

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Questions

• What are radioactive isotopes?
• What is the PUREX liquid-liquid extraction?
• What is the difference between fission and fusion?
• What does nuclear chemistry involve?
• What is radiotherapy?
• Why is the study of radioactivity labeled nuclear chemistry?
• When an atom emits radiation, #"A."# a new element is always formed #"B."# the mass number of the atom decreases #"C."# the weight of the atom decrease to half its value in a fixed time #"D."# the radiation always comes from the nucleus?
• How was the nucleus of an atom discovered?
• Question #4e0c6
• Question #84861
• How does radioactive decay work?
• When a nucleus undergoes radioactive decay, what is its new mass number?
• How would you compare nuclear fusion, fission, and radioactive decay?
• How is the radioactive decay of krypton-85 different from the radioactive decay of Americium-241?
• What is the decay equation of cesium 137?
• When a radioactive nucleus undergoes alpha decay what happens?
• Question #577df
• What is gamma decay?
• Question #6599f
• How much energy is released if a sample loses 0.0001 kg of its mass through radioactive decay?
• What happens to an atom that experiences radioactive decay?
• How do you find the mass defect of nitrogen?
• How do you calculate the mass defect and nuclear binding energy per nucleon of each of the nuclides?
• How do you calculate the mass defect for C-14? How do you calculate the binding energy?
• The mass defect for a Li-6 nucleus is -0.03434 g/mol. How do you calculate the atomic mass of Li-6?
• The respective masses in amu of the proton, the neutron, and the nckel-60 atom are 1.00728, 1.00867, and 59.9308. What is the mass defect of the nickel-60 atom in g?
• A proton weighs 1.007276 amu , a neutron weighs 1.008665 amu, and an electron weighs 5.486×10−4 amu. What is the expected mass of a beryllium-9 nucleus, based on the total mass of its protons and neutrons?
• How would you calculate the mass defect of Cobalt-60 given the following information?
• The mass of a proton is 1.00728 amu and that of a neutron is 1.00867 amu. What is the mass defect ( in amu) of a nickel-60 nucleus? The mass of a nickel-60 nucleus is 59.9308 amu
• Why is mass defect significant?
• Why is mass defect negative?
• What does mass defect mean?
• What causes mass defect?
• Is ammonium hydroxide the same as concentrated ammonia?
• 98/43 Tc undergoes gamma decay. How would you determine the resulting nucleus?
• Why is gamma decay more dangerous than alpha decay or beta decay?
• When a nucleus undergoes gamma decay, what happens to its atomic number?
• How does gamma emission affect the atomic number of an isotope?
• Why do alpha and beta decay produce new elements but gamma decay does not?
• When U-238 transmutates into Th-234, what does this represent?
• How do gamma rays decay?
• How is gamma decay produced?
• What does gamma decay do?
• What does gamma decay release?
• Why does gamma decay occur?
• Why is gamma decay dangerous?
• Does gamma decay change an atomic number?
• How does gamma decay affect the structure of the atom?
• How does gamma decay change the nucleus?
• What eventually happens to radioactive isotopes?
• Which type of radiation particle, emitted from a nuclear r eaction, is most similar to a helium nucleus?
• What type of particle is made up of two protons and two neutrons released from the nucleus of the radioactive atom?
• What are gamma rays in chemistry?
• Why is U-235 used more in nuclear reactors than U-238?
• How would you estimate the difference in energy produced when we burn 1kg of carbon vs producing nuclear energy from 1kg of U-235.?
• If there is a loss of #5.63 x 10^-7# kg of mass in a nuclear reaction, how many Joules of energy would be released?
• How can uranium-238 decay to plutonium-239 but its mass still increases?
• If one isotope of an element is radioactive, then are all the isotopes of that element are radioactive?
• What are six differences between nuclear reaction and chemical reaction?
• Question #d93d2
• What quantities are conserved when balancing a nuclear reaction?
• Which nuclide will decay by positron and what isotope will be the left over? Both answers must be correct. (Numbers represent the mass number): 32S, 32P; 26P, 26S; 14O, 14N; 14N, 14O
• Question #e314b
• What is the difference between deuterium, #""_1^2H#, and tritium, #""_1^3H#?
• Radioactivity is produced when unstable nuclei do what?
• What is the process by which atomic nuclei spontaneously decay called?
• What is the only radioactive form of hydrogen?
• How do you determine if a reaction is a fission or fusion reaction?
• When humans are at higher altitudes, how is their exposure to radiation effected?
• In a nuclear reaction, is mass lost to produce energy?
• Where does nuclear fission occur?
• Can nuclear fission be controlled in the laboratory?
• In 1938, Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman discovered that uranium nuclei could spit and form smaller nuclei, or different elements 1938, otto what process did Hahn and Strassman discover?
• Is water used to moderate (slow down) neutrons in a nuclear reactor?
• What kind of radioactive decay does not cause transmutation?
• Question #0063f
• One uranium atom has a mass of #3.95 x 10^-22# grams. How would you work out an estimate for the number of uranium atoms in 1 kg of uranium?
• What is the neutron:proton ratio for the nucleus #"_82^206Pb#?
• What place is known for wilderness and uranium?
• How is the nucleus of a uranium-238 atom different to the nucleus of a uranium-235 atom?
• How does critical mass play a role in nuclear reactions?
• What is the combining of two atomic nuclei to produce one larger nucleus called?
• Does gamma decay by itself cause one element to become another element, as in alpha decay and beta decay?
• How do we calculate the relativistic energy equivalent contained in one proton in #"MeV"#?
• How many alpha particles are emitted in the series of radioactive decay events from a U-238 nucleus to a Pb-206 nucleus?
• What are the three main types of radioactive decay?
• The element #"_92^238 U# has how many neutrons?
• Are nuclear fuels made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms?
• How many neutrons are in an atom of #"_86^222Rn#?
• Question #ee6cb
• Can nuclear energy be released?
• Are atoms with an atomic number over 83 stable or unstable?
• What is nuclear binding energy?
• What is the correct order of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation in terms of their increasing ability to penetrate into matter?
• What is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in #""_6^12C#?
• What is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in #""_1^1H#?
• What is the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in #""_18^40Ar#?
• A N-14 nucleus is hit by a particle, forming a C-14 nucleus and a proton as the only products. How would you identify the type of particle which struck the N-14 nucleus?
• Question #a49f1
• What are the differences between alpha and beta particles?
• When what force is not large enough to hold a nucleus together tightly, the nucleus can become radioactive?
• What are some examples of the particles in a baryon?
• How does an atom with too many neutrons relative to protons undergo radioactive decay?
• Which type of nuclear process results in a lower mass nuclei than the reactants?
• When Uranium-238 decays, what does it decay into?
• When curium-242 is bombarded with alpha particles, a neutron and what are formed?
• What is the process of combining two nuclei to form a heavier nucleus?
• The two isotopes of uranium, #""^238 U# and #""^235 U#, can be separated by effusion of the corresponding #UF_6# gases. What is the ratio (in the form of a decimal) of the RMS speed of #""^238 UF_6# to that of #""^235 UF_6# at constant temperature?