Octet Rule

Key Questions

• Can the octet rule be broken?

  But of course...

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  and we see that in many molecules, like the trigonal bipyramidal #"PCl"_5#, the octahedral #"SF"_6#, and the square pyramidal #"ClF"_5#. There are many other examples among transition metal complexes that I won't mention.

  Here, #10# valence electrons surround phosphorus.

  

  Here, #12# valence electrons surround sulfur.

  

  Here, #12# valence electrons surround chlorine.

  

  This is possible because all three central atoms have access to orbitals on the third quantum level, #n = 3#. In all of these cases, the #3d# orbitals can be used, allowing extra space to store more than #8# total valence electrons.

  Truong-Son N. · 1 · May 15 2018

• What is the duet rule?
• Does PC5 obey the octet rule?
• Why does B(CH3)3 violate the octet rule?
• What element never obeys the ''octet rule'' when covalently bonding?
• Why is the octet rule important in covalent bonding?
• Why does the octet rule have exceptions?
• Why are closed shells more stable?
• What is the difference between the octet rule and the duet rule?
• How does the octet rule apply to ionic compounds?
• How does the octet rule affect metals?
• Can the octet rule be broken?
• How can atoms exceed the octet rule?
• What are some examples of a closed shell?
• What does a closed shell mean?
• Is hydrogen the only element to react to produce a duet of valence electrons?
• Question #1a22d
• Question #de62a
• Question #4fd9e
• Question #e2115
• What happens to a neutral nonmetal atom in order for the octet rule to be satisfied?
• What can atoms do to satisfy the octet rule?
• Why does oxygen form an #O^(2-)# ion and not an #O^(3-)# ion?
• On the periodic table, why are atoms in group 1 likely to form ions with a +1 charge?
• Beryllium has an atomic number of #2#. What is its electron configuration? Will it lose #2# electrons or gain #6# to form an ion?
• How many electrons does potassium have to give up in order to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration?
• What are the limitations of Octet Rule?
• How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?
• Question #9cad7
• Why does the #NO_2# molecule not follow the octet rule?
• Question #9d69f
• Question #12317
• Calcium has an atomic number of 20. How many electrons does calcium lose when forming an ionic bond with another ion?
• Who proposed the law of octaves?
• Which is least stable?
• How many electrons does nitrogen have to gain when it becomes an ion?
• Question #aee07
• How many valence electrons does #"Cr"# have?
• How do you define the octet rule?
• Question #dc518
• Based on the octet rule, iodine most likely forms what kind of an ion?
• How many electrons must the atoms of the elements below share with other atoms in covalent bonding to achieve an octet of electrons?
• Do polyatomic ions with an odd number of electrons obey the octet rule?
• What are three nonmetal elements that combine with only one fluorine atom to form a stable compound?
• Question #4034c
• What type of element will tend to gain electrons in satisfying the octet rule?
• Question #1a40a
• How can we use the valence electrons and the octet rule to predict the charge an element will obtain?
• Question #50104
• Question #7468b
• How do we conceive that elements typically fill up their orbitals?
• Does aluminum trifluoride have to have an octet around the central atom?
• Question #5f836
• Why can elements in the 3rd period exceed 8 valence electrons?