Excretory System

Topic Page

Questions

• How does diabetes affect the urinary system? Why does glucose "spill" into the urine in diabetes?
• How does the consumption of alcohol affect the urinary system?
• What affect does the urinary system have on the blood pressure? What affect does the renal system have on the blood pressure?
• What is the purpose of taking the drug cyclosporine following kidney transplantation?
• Where in the body are the ureters located? How long are these tubes?
• Are the kidneys inferior to the lungs?
• What organ system does the kidney belong to? What organ system does the liver belong to?
• What is the major function of the kidney?
• What role do the kidneys play in diabetes type 2?
• What is the function of the renal artery and the renal vein?
• What body system is the pancreas a part of?
• What causes dehydration in the kidneys?
• In what body cavity are the adrenal glands and kidneys located?
• What tissue type lines the inside of kidney tubules?
• What causes a kidney infection?
• Are the kidneys located posterior, anterior, inferior or medial to the heart?
• Why does the pain of passing kidney stones tend to come in waves?
• How is urine produced in the kidneys?
• What are the parts of the renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?
• What is the structure of the nephron? Why is its structure important to the formation of urine?
• A bedridden patient has developed pressure ulcers. Why is protein an important part of the diet to promote wound healing?
• What hormones regulate kidney function?
• When the level of ADH (antidiuretic hormone) increases, is more urine or less urine produced?
• Does the heart produce hormones? Does the skin produce hormones?
• Jennifer came to class wearing her latest purchase and soon everyone was familiar with the scent. What process is being demonstrated here?
• Is the spleen superior to the kidney?
• Do substances in the kidney move from the glomerulus to Bowman's capsule by reabsorption?
• What is water intoxication? How is this related to salt concentrations and the kidney?
• What are the hollow organs of the body? Is the kidney hollow?
• How could a decrease in blood pressure affect filtration in the kidneys?
• What body cavity, if any, contains the thyroid gland?
• How would you distinguish between a renal artery and renal vein in a dissected kidney?
• In which body cavity would you find the small intestine?
• What is a funnel-shaped basin that collects urine from collecting ducts?
• Where in the kidney is the renal medulla?
• What is the source of urea in the body?
• What is the purpose of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
• Is the male urethra longer or shorter than the female urethra?
• How does the urinary system influence the circulatory system?
• What is the physiology of urine formation?
• What are the organs or parts of the urinary system?
• What is the urinary system?
• What is the function of the aorta in the urinary system?
• Is the urethra part of the urinary system? What about the bladder, kidneys and the pancreas?
• Who discovered the urinary system?
• What is the path of urine through the urinary system?
• How does the urinary system maintain blood pH levels within acceptable ranges?
• Does the urinary system help regulate levels of glucose in the blood?
• What effects does glucose have on the urinary system?
• Is there a difference between renal system and urinary system? Or are they the same but have different names?
• How is your skin like the urinary system?
• What is the part of the urinary system that filters blood and produces urine called?
• Besides the urinary system, which system controls urine production and micturition?
• What system are the trachea, bronchi or bronchioles, air sac, and diaphragm in?
• Is the large intestine part of the urinary system? Is the kidney?
• What are some diseases of the urinary system?
• Where is urine stored until it drains from the body?
• What structure(s) reabsorb water and salt, making urine more concentrated?
• What structure(s) in the excretory system accept the reabsorbed substances and return them to the general circulation?
• Why the urethra is part of both the urinary and reproductive systems in males?
• Does the urinary system remove excess amounts of toxins, water, salts, hydrogen ions, or blood proteins?
• What are the common ailments of urinary system?
• What is the difference between the female and the male urinary systems?
• What is the function of the ureter? What is the function of the urethra?
• What would be the effect on urine concentration and volume if the loop of Henle didn't reach the medulla region of the kidney? Why would this effect occur?
• What are causes for blood in the urine, other than infection?
• Where is the hepatic portal vein?
• What does "hepatic" mean?
• How is hepatic encephalopathy diagnosed?
• How do you pronounce "hepatic"?
• How do you pronounce "hepatic encephalopathy"?
• How does liver affect cholesterol?
• How does liver affect digestion?
• How does the liver change glucose to glycogen?
• How does the liver relate to the circulatory system?
• Why is the hepatic portal vein a vein?
• Why is the hepatic portal vein important?
• What is an adaptive feature of nephron in a desert mammal, like camel?
• Can H. pylori stomach bacteria cause elevated liver enzymes?
• What artery supplies branches to the stomach and liver?
• What is hepatomegaly?
• Does most of the lymph return to the venous circulation by way of the dural sinus; the right lymphatic duct; the thoracic duct; the cisterna chyl; or the hepatic portal vein?
• What does it mean when the liver produces ammonia?
• What connects the liver, gall bladder, and pancreas to the small intestine?
• Sweating causes odor because of the activity of what?
• Why is a microscopic urine test is important?
• The glomerular filtration rate in the kidney is precisely regulated. The only way to adjust the filtration is what?
• How can you increase the glomerular filtration rate without drugs?
• Does the action of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on mesangial cells change glomerular filtration rate? Does increased release of renin?
• Why is the concentration of glucose in the glomerular filtrate normally similar to the concentration in the blood plasma?
• Why does an obstruction in the proximal convoluted tubule decrease glomerular filtration rate?
• What happens to urine output if GFR equals zero?
• What is glomerular filtrate?
• How does glomerular filtration occur?
• Once solutes have been filtered out from plasma into filtrate, how are they reabsorbed into the blood?
• How can you calculate eGFR if you know the creatinine level?
• In diabetes mellitus, glycosuria occurs because the concentration of glucose in the glomerular filtrate exceed what?
• When glomerular filtration is working correctly, which of the following does not enter the nephron: glucose, red blood cells, or sodium?
• Whats the difference between the efferent arteriole and afferent?
• What tests are used to determine kidney function besides creatnine?
• What happens in the nephron during secretion or reabsorption?
• What is the difference between renal blood flow and renal plasma flow?
• As a result of very low arterial blood pressure, what happens to glomerular hydrostatic pressure?
• What do the kidneys filter from the blood?
• What is chronic renal failure?
• What is the excretory function of the urinary system?
• What are the two major functions of the urinary system?
• Is team work between the kidneys and urinary bladder an example of an organ system?
• How are the human and frog urinary systems similar?
• What body system does the kidney belong to?
• What are the structures of the excretory system, in order, in the role of producing and eliminating urine?
• Are nitrogenous waste products such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine excreted from the body in expired air or in urine?
• Is the pigment that gives urine its characteristic yellow color from the blood protein albumin? If not, what gives urine its yellow color?
• What is the condition called when there is blood in the urine?
• What organs does the renal system include?
• What is the renal system made up of?
• Why is the renal system important?
• What prevents backflow of urine into the ureters when the pressure inside the bladder increases during micturition?
• What organs make up the excretory system, and what are some of the diseases of the excretory system?
• Where in the body does the reabsorption of water occur?
• Do kidneys play a role in the digestive system?
• What affects would increased blood pressure have on nephron function?
• What is the function of the urinary system in vertebrates?
• What does drinking cranberry juice do for your urinary system?
• What is the function of ADH? What are some factors that affect the urine volume produced daily?
• On a CT of the pelvis, what does "Punctate right lower intrarenal calculus" mean?
• What is the difference between the coronary circulation and renal circulation?
• Is the pancreas part of the renal or digestive system?
• Why aren’t glucose and protein normally found in urine?
• How can I tell the Bowman's Capsule and Renal Corpuscle apart?
• Why is the glomerulus referred to as a non-selective filter?
• What is the pathway a uric acid molecule takes from a glomerulus to the urethra?
• Why are proteins not filtered out of the blood in the glomerulus?
• Which materials are filtered out of the blood in the Bowman's capsule?
• Is glomerular filtrate: clear in appearance and contains no glucose; a concentrated solution of waste products; identical to blood plasma; blood plasma that lacks most proteins; or is it whole blood?
• Which of the following is not part of the nephron: urethra, renal vein, glomerulus, or Bowman's capsule?
• The fluid in the glomerular capsule is similar to plasma except that it does not contain a significant amount of: plasma protein, electrolytes, glucose, or hormones?
• How is a high blood pressure built up in a glomerulus? Why is this high blood pressure needed?
• How does the structure of the blood vessels entering and leaving the glomerulus help move glucose into the Bowman's capsule?
• What increases the reabsorption of Na+ when stimulated by aldosterone?
• Size of our heart matches with the size of a kidney: is it true?
• What removes liquid and solid wastes from the body?
• How and why the volume and composition of urine changes, after strenuous exercise?
• How does the functional unit of Kidney works (Nephron)? Give a detailed explanation